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System Overview

Orbinum is a modular blockchain built on Substrate with integrated privacy features through Zero-Knowledge proofs and full EVM compatibility via Frontier.


Table of Contents


Architecture Layers


Core Components

Privacy Layer

ComponentCratePurpose
Shielded Poolpallet-shielded-poolUTXO-based private transactions
ZK Verifierpallet-zk-verifierOn-chain Groth16 proof verification
ZK Primitivesfp-zk-primitivesPoseidon hash, Merkle trees, commitments
ZK Circuitsfp-zk-circuitsR1CS circuits for proving

EVM Layer

ComponentCratePurpose
EVM Executionpallet-evmEthereum Virtual Machine
Ethereum Compatpallet-ethereumEthereum transaction support
Base Feepallet-base-feeEIP-1559 fee mechanism
Dynamic Feepallet-dynamic-feeFee adjustment

Client Layer

ComponentLocationPurpose
Wallet CLIclient/wallet-cliPrivacy operations CLI
RPC Coreclient/rpc-coreCustom RPC methods
Storageclient/storageState management

Data Flow

Shield Operation

Private Transfer


Crate Structure

orbinum-node-2/
├── frame/ # Substrate pallets
│ ├── shielded-pool/ # Privacy pool (653 lines)
│ ├── zk-verifier/ # Proof verification (533 lines)
│ ├── evm/ # EVM execution
│ ├── ethereum/ # Ethereum compatibility
│ ├── base-fee/ # EIP-1559
│ └── dynamic-fee/ # Fee adjustment

├── primitives/ # Core libraries
│ ├── zk-primitives/ # Crypto primitives (196 lines)
│ ├── zk-verifier/ # Verifier logic
│ ├── zk-circuits/ # R1CS circuits
│ ├── account/ # Account types
│ └── consensus/ # Consensus primitives

├── client/ # Client-side code
│ ├── wallet-cli/ # CLI wallet
│ ├── rpc/ # RPC implementations
│ └── storage/ # Storage layer

├── circuits/ # Circom circuits
│ ├── circuits/ # Circuit definitions
│ ├── scripts/ # Build scripts
│ └── test/ # Circuit tests

└── precompiles/ # EVM precompiles

Implementation Status

LayerComponentStatusTest Coverage
Runtimepallet-shielded-poolImplementedComprehensive
Runtimepallet-zk-verifierImplementedComprehensive
Runtimepallet-evmImplementedComprehensive
Primitivesfp-zk-primitivesImplementedComprehensive
Primitivesfp-zk-verifierImplementedComprehensive
Clientwallet-cliImplementedComprehensive
CircuitsCircomImplementedComprehensive

Next Steps